Friendly and cooperative relations between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Turkmenistan witnessed further development in 2010.

There were close high-level exchanges. On 11 June, on the sidelines of the Tashkent Summit of the SCO, President Hu Jintao had a bilateral meeting with President Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov, who was attending the meeting as guest of the presidency. From 17 to 19 June, He Guoqiang, Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission, paid an official goodwill visit to Turkmenistan. He met with President and Chairman of the Democratic Party Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov and Speaker of the National Assembly Akja Nurberdyeva. From 24 to 26 November, Vice Premier and Chinese Chairman of the China-Turkmenistan Cooperation Commission Wang Qishan visited Turkmenistan and chaired the Commission's first meeting. From 25 to 27 May, General Liang Guanglie, State Councilor and Minister of Defence paid an official goodwill visit to Turkmenistan. From 30 April to 2 May, President Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov paid a state visit to China and attended the opening ceremony of the Shanghai World Expo. President Hu Jintao held talks with him. The two sides had an in-depth exchange of views and reached broad common ground on the bilateral relations, practical cooperation and international and regional issues of common interest. Both sides recognized the rapid development of their friendly and cooperative relations in recent years and the fruitfulness of cooperation in such areas as trade and cultural exchanges. The two sides expressed the readiness to further friendly exchanges, deepen political mutual trust, enhance people-to-people and cultural exchanges, and increase practical cooperation in all fields such as trade, energy, transportation, agriculture and infrastructure development, with a view to taking the bilateral relations to a new level.

Economic cooperation and trade between the two countries developed steadily. From 11 to 12 October, Deputy Prime Minister Baymurat Khojamukhamedov visited China. The two sides exchanged views on practical cooperation.