The friendly relations and cooperation between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana developed steadily in 2010.

The two countries maintained high-level contacts and exchanges. In November, Vice President Xi Jinping visited Botswana, during which he met President Ian Khama and held talks with Vice President Mompati Merafhe. The two sides spoke positively of their bilateral relations, and agreed to deepen practical cooperation in all areas and strengthen coordination and cooperation in international affairs. The two sides signed the Agreement on Economic and Technical Cooperation Between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Republic of Botswana, the Memorandum of Understanding Between Botswana Power Corporation (of the One Party) and China Development Bank Corporation and Golden Concord Group Limited (of the Other Party) on Cooperation in the Areas of Infrastructural and Energy Development and the Memorandum of Understanding for Cooperation and Projects Finance Between the Government of the Republic of Botswana Represented by the Ministry of Finance and Development Planning and the Export-Import Bank of China. President Ian Khama wrote letters to President Hu Jintao after the earthquake in Yushu, mud-slide in Gansu and the plane crash in Yichun, expressing sympathy to the Chinese government and people. From late June to early July, Chairman of the Botswana Democratic Party Daniel Kwelagobe led a delegation to China. In July, Vice President Mompati Merafhe visited China for the National Pavilion Day of Botswana at the Shanghai World Expo. Minister of Presidential Affairs and Public Administration Lesego E. Motsumi and Minister of Environment, Wild Animals and Tourism Kitso Onkokame Mokaila attended conferences in China in 2010.

Exchange and cooperation in other areas continued to expand. Implementation of the Botswana-related projects under the eight new measures proposed at the Fourth FOCAC Ministerial Conference was in full swing. The Gaborone Multi-Purpose Youth Center project built with Chinese assistance made smooth progress, and the construction began on the Morupule B project undertaken by a Chinese company. An art troupe sponsored by the All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese and the Anhui Provincial Art Troupe gave successful performances in Botswana. Twenty people from Botswana received training in China in 2010.