On November 22 and 23, 2025 local time, Premier of the State Council Li Qiang attended the second and third sessions of the 20th G20 Summit in Johannesburg and delivered speeches respectively on the topics of "A Resilient World" and "A Fair and a Just Future for All".

Li Qiang said that as multiple challenges such as climate change, energy and food crises are overlapping, the international community needs to unite to pool strength and solve problems through collaboration. The G20 should strive for broader international cooperation, jointly cope with challenges and work together to promote development. First, strengthen ecology and environmental protection cooperation, and enhance development resilience. The G20 should abide by the science-based spirit and uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities in dealing with issues concerning climate change and ecology, demonstrating responsibility and acting promptly. China is ready to step up cooperation with all parties within the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and accelerate the implementation of the outcomes of the 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Second, strengthen cooperation on green energy and advance a just transition. The G20 should promote global cooperation in the green industry, keep industrial and supply chains stable and unimpeded, and facilitate the free flow and application of related technologies and products. China is ready to continue to do its utmost to support the energy transition of various countries. Third, enhance cooperation on food security to ensure stable supplies. The G20 should promote and optimize global food circulation and supply, build partnerships on commodities, develop an open, stable and sustainable global food market, and strengthen supply for countries facing food shortages. At the same time, the G20 should enhance cooperation in agricultural science and technology, so as to boost food production capacity. China is ready to work with all parties to advance the implementation of the International Cooperation Initiative on Global Food Security and make new contributions to the fight against hunger and poverty.

Li Qiang noted that the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating, bringing unprecedented development opportunities to the world, but it may also create new inequalities and development gaps. The G20 should encourage all parties to adhere to openness, win-win cooperation and shared opportunities, and strive to enhance the well-being of people worldwide. First, promote the widespread application and effective governance of artificial intelligence (AI). The G20 should actively promote research and development cooperation and result sharing, bridge the AI divide and improve governance rules. China welcomes more countries to join the World AI Cooperation Organization and the Action Plan of International Cooperation in Open Science, and to promote the sound and orderly development of AI in a beneficial, safe and fair way. Second, promote mutually beneficial cooperation and peaceful utilization of critical minerals. China supports the UN Secretary-General's Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals in playing an active role and calls for the implementation of the G20 Critical Minerals Framework. China urges efforts to promote a more balanced distribution of benefits in industrial and supply chains, so as to better safeguard the interests of developing countries. Meanwhile, it is necessary to adopt a prudent approach to potential military and other applications to prevent security risks. China welcomes the active participation of all parties in the International Economic and Trade Cooperation Initiative on Green Mining and Minerals. Third, strengthen development empowerment and livelihood support for the Global South. The G20 should intensify capacity-building assistance in Africa and other developing countries, create more job opportunities, and advance the development of women and youth. China is ready to work with all parties to implement the Nelson Mandela Bay Target and ensure that more young people benefit from economic globalization.

The Summit adopted the G20 South Africa Summit: Leaders' Declaration.

During the summit, Li Qiang had friendly exchanges with French President Emmanuel Macron, President of the Republic of Korea Lee Jae Myung, Angolan President João Manuel Gonçalves Lourenço, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, and Director-General of the World Trade Organization Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, among others.